Explosion-engine.



W. R. BERGMAN.

EXPLOSIQN ENGINE. APPLIoATIoN FILED pso. s. 1911.

Patented Apr. 8, 1913.

SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIUUUN.

IN VENTOR.

wlTzyEssEs.-

BfA/MLM @ZW/ WITNESSE/ Muy @Mcm W. R. BERGMAN.

EXPLOSION v`E1\TGINB. APPLICATION FILED DEO. 5, 1911.

Patented Apr.8, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT WILLIAM R. BERGMAN, QF ST.JOSEPH, MISSOURI.

EXPLOSION-ENGINE.

Specieation of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 8, 1913.

Application led December 5, 1911.` Serial No. 664,124.

explosion engines of the two cycle type; and lthe objects of myimprovements are, first;

to provide a simple, substantial, compact and durable engine, whichshall be neat in appearance and comparatively cheap in cost ofmanufacture, second; to provide direct connected pumping means, wherebyexploded gases are quickly withdrawn from the power cylinder and anincoming charge of unexploded gases is forced into said cylinder undersuch pressure and 1n such volume, as causes the same to completely fillsaid cylinder, while the engine is being operated at the highest speed,thereby providing an engine of the two cycle type which is operated withperfect freedom at extremely high speed, coupled with the maximum ofefficiency, third; to so construct the vacuum and charge pumping meansof an explosion engine that no part of said pumping means shallcommunicate with the crank case,

thereby avoiding leakage of `the explosiveV mixturethrough the crankshaft bearings, and also providing charge pumping means, whereby chargesof greater volume and higher pressure are pumped than can be obtained bycrank case compression. I attain these objects by the mechanismillustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure l is alongitudinalsection on the line X X, seen in Fig. V2, looking toward theright. Fig. 2 isa rear elevation of the engine. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection on the line Y Y, seen in Figgl, looking downward. Fig. 4 isa-horizontal section on the line Z Z, seen in Fig. 1,-looking upward.Fig. 5 is a section similar toFig. 1, showing one of the other-forms inwhich the crank case and the pump piston may be constructed.

Referring to Figs.. 1 and'2, crank case 1 is provided with plates 2,detachably secured thereon. Said plates, each have a bearing 2 formedtherewith, in-which crank shaft 3 is rotatably mounted. Said shaft hasily wheel 3 secured lon one end thereof. Crank case 1 has flange 4,internal cylinder 5, inlet chamber 6 and outlet chamber 7 formedtherewith. Power cylinder 8 has a plurality of inlet, ports '9, and aplurality of exhaust ports l0, formed through the wall thereof.

Said powercylinder has pump cylinder 11 formed on its lower end, thelatter cylinder being provided with flange 12 hermetically secured onflange 4. Both of said cylinders are provided with radiating flanges 13,for acting as cooling means.

Cylinder 5 and cylinder 11, form the concentricl pump space 11 betweenthem, in

which concentric pump piston 14 is reciprocated. Said pistons arerigidly connected by the cylindrically formed piston connector 15. Powerpiston 16 has bearing brackets 17 and transverse tie plate 17 formedtherewith. Connecting rod 18 pivotallyconnects the loweroends of saidbrackets with crank 19, formed with crank shaft 3. Y

Exhaust ports 10 connect power cylinder 8 with the upper-end portion' ofexhaust chamber 20 formed with said cylinder and having its lower endopening into said concentric pump space. Said exhaust chamber -isprovided with exhaust conducting means 21 leading therefrom into theopen air, and with exhaust valve 22 in said conducting LHIBaDS.

Cylinder inlet ports 9`connect power cylinder 8 with compression chamber28, secured on said cylinder, said chamber being connected by pipe 24with outlet chamber 7, which opens into the lower end. of concentricpump space 11. The lower end of said pump space is also connected withinlet chamber 6, provided with mixture conducting means, adapted to havean ordinary carbureter, not shown, connected therewith, for admitting anexplosive'gaseous mixture of fuel and air into the-lower end of saidpump space. Said mixture conductingmeans has inlet valve 6 therein. 4

Power piston 16 has its upper end. closed by deflector plate 25, havinga plurality of charge delectors 25, formed therewith and adapted todeflect an incoming charge of said mixture upward in a verticaldirection.

An ordinary spark plug 26 is secured in the up ter end of power cylinder8 for igniting a c arge of said explosive mixture.

In operation shaft 3 is manually rotated by grasping ily wheel 3',thereby moving the described pistons upward. v The upward movement ofypiston 14 draws a charge of said mixture through conducting means 6',

' thereby opening inlet valve 6". Said charge 2l into compressionchamber 23, in which said charge is compressed until said power pistonin its downward movement uncovers inlet ports 9. At this juncture saidcompressed charge, by its expansion, passes through ports 9 into powercylinder 8, and is deflected upward by deflectors 25.

It will be understood that the cubic displacement of iston 14' isslightly more than that of piston 16, thereby providlng means wherebysaid charge of mixture is of such volume. as completely lls cylinder 8.Continued manual rotation of shaft 3, again drives said pistons upward,upon which the previously described operation of drawing a charge ofexplosive mixture into pump space 11 is repeated. At the same timepiston 16 compresses the previously described charge in the upper endportion of cylinder 8. While said piston is passing through the upperend portion of its movement, said charge, compressed thereby is ignitedby an electric spark at the lower end of spark plug 26 inthe usualmanner. The energy of the thus exploded charge drives pistons 16 and 14downward, exhaust valve 22 closes and piston 14 produces a vacuum in theupper end portion of pump space 11 and in exhaust chamber 20. Vhen.piston 16 in its downward travel, uncovers exhaust ports 10, saidexploded charge of mixture is quickly drawn through said ports into saidexhaust. chamber and p the upper end portion of pump space 11 by theaction of said vacuum. When said vacuum is thus filled to a pressureslightly above the pressure of the outer air, exhaust valve 22 isthereby opened and an incoming unexploded charge of mixture expels thesmall remainder of said exploded charge from cylinder 8. Thereafter,upward movement of piston 16 closes ports 10, and such portion of'saidexploded charge asA remains in pump' space 11 is forced therefromthrough exhaust chamber 20, past valve 22, through exhaust conductingmeans 21 into the open air, by piston 14.

It will be understood that thevdescribed vacuum relief accelerates theexhaust of said exploded gases from cylinder 8 and when oupled with thedescribed pumping and compressing means, for unexploded charges of amplevolume, provides a combination of parts, whereby .the freedom ofact-ion, speed and eiiciency of a two cycle explosion engine areincreased to the maximum.

While I have shown and described my invention in the foregoing manner,it is evident that various other forms of pistons and cylinders could beconstructed for forming a concentric pump space, in which a concentricpump piston acts both as a fresh charge compressor and a'vacuumproducer, for the previously described purposes, without departing fromthe spirit of my invention, which I reserve the right to do. One of suchother forms of pistons and cylinders is seen in Fig. 5 in which crankcase l has cylinder, 5 formed therewith, in whichl piston extension 15"is reciprocated. Said extension is formed wit-h concentric piston 14aand forms the inner wall for concentric pump space 11b, below saidpiston, while piston connector 15 forms the same above said piston.

Since the upper end ortions of piston 16a, cylinder 8, and ex austchamber 20 are exactly like the upper end portions of piston 16,cylinder 8 and exhaust chamber 20 as seen in Fig. 1, said upper portionsare not shown in Fig. 5.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and originaland desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In an explosion engine, a power cylinder having an open lower end anda -plurality of exhaust ports formed through its central portion on onecommon level and a plurality of inlet ports formed through said cylinderdiametrically opposite to the lower end portions of said exhaust ports;a power piston in said power cylinder said piston being adapted bymovement thereof to cover and uncover said ports; a pump cylinder formedon the open lower end of said power cylinder; a pump piston in saidlpump cylinder; piston connectin means whereby said power piston and saldpump piston are rigldly connected; a crank case; reciprocating means insaid crank case. whereby said pistons are reciprocated; gas tightseparating means whereby said pump cylinder and said crank case areseparated; mixture inlet means adapted to admit a charge of explosivegaseous mixture into said pump cylinder beneath said pump piston; aninlet valve in said mixture inlet means; communicating means whereby thelower end of said pump cylinder is connected with said inlet ports; anexhaust chamber formed with said power cylinder said chamber having itslower end connected with the upper end of said pump cylinder and itsupper end connected with' said exhaust ports; exhaust conducting lmeansconnected with the upper end of sai'dfexhaust chamber; and an outletvalve in said exhaust conducting means said valve being in front of saidexhaust ports and beine adapted to be opened by the impact of a c largeof explofted gases exhausted through said exhaust por s.

4 2. In an explosion engine, 'a power cylinder having a plurality ofexhaust ports formed through the wall thereof and a plu ralifty of inletports similarly formed and diarnetrically opposite to said exhaustports; a power piston in said power cylinder said piston being adaptedto cover and uncover said ports by movementof said piston; a deflectorplate secured on'the upper end of 10 said piston said plate having aplurality`o charge deleotors formed therewith the upper portions of allof said deflepctors being extended above said plate to one common levelwhile the lower portions of said delectors are extended below saidplate1to'15 such levels in steps that the deflector nearest the centerof said plate is extended the lowest and lthe-deliector nearest theouter edge of said plate is extended"to"'the highest level for evenlydividing and vertically deiecting an admitted charge of fuel mixture;

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

WILLIAM R.y BERGMAN.

Witnesses:

LUKEE. HINTON, Daisy' CHECK.

